Insecticide



Patented Oct. 27, 1936 UNITED STATES PA-TENT OFFICE INSECTICIDE Car-LP.Hopkins, Grand Junction, 0010., assignor to The Latimer-Goodwin ChemicalCompany, Grand Junction, 0010., a'corporation of Colorado N0 Drawing.

8 Claims.

so treated is found to deteriorate in storage. In

accordance with the present invention however, a composition now becomespossible which obviates these disadvantages, and also provides a sprayof a much greater effectiveness than heretofore.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the invention,then, comprises the features hereinafter fully described, andparticularly pointed out in the claims, the following descriptionsetting forth in" detail certain illustrative embodiments of theinvention, these being indicative however, of but a few of the variousways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.

In the preparation of an insecticide in accordance with the invention, Imake up an emulsion of a. nitrogenous oily base. This may be suchnitrogenous oils as contain the pyridine or quinoline radicals, forinstance pyridine, pyridine homologs having alkyl radicals attached, asmethyl, ethyl, etc., quinoline, and the like, etc. These are slightlybasic in character, and are obtained by the destructive distillation ofcoal, shale, etc. They. may also be made synthetically. Nitrogenous oilsobtained from coal, oil shale,

. and from synthetic derivation are applicable generally, but the oilparticularly preferred for my purpose is a distillation cut ranging from520? to 725 F. With the nitrogenous oil is also incorporated an insectpoison, as an arsenic compound or an organic poison, or both; arsenatesof lead, calcium, etc., pyrethrum, helebore, nicotine, derris, cube,cracca, rotenone, etc., being of particular importance. The nitrogenousoily base is emulsified by a suitable emulsifying agent, as for instancecasein, triethanolamine oleate, ,diglycol oleate, etc. As an example:Pyridine is emulsified with tri ethanolamine oleate to an per centemulsion, and lead arsenate is incorporated at the rate of 4 pounds pergallon of pyridine. As another example: A coal tar crude pyridinedistillation fraction boiling between 520 and 725 'As another example: Acrude pyridine distillation fraction boiling in the range of-520 to 725'F.

is emulsified with triethanolamine oleate, and

. prayed- Application April 15, 1935, Serial No. 16,408

nicotine is incorporated in amount to provide a proportion of 1:1500 ofnicotine and 1 per cent of nitrogen oily base in the emulsion as dilutedfor spray-application.

As instancing the eii'ectiveness of my composition in depositing arsenicon the surface being sprayed, the following comparisons may be noted:

Total deposit in gals. spray mixture mm As: i

persq.1n.

No.1 Summer oil emulsion, gallon; 38.3

lead arsenate, 3 pounds.

No. 2 Summer oil emulsion, gallon; 34.4

lead arsenate, 3 pounds; casein spreader, $6 pound.

No.3 Nitrogenous oil, 5s gallon; lead 87.2

. arsenate, 2 pounds.

No.4 Nitrogenous oil, M1 gallon; lead 62.6

arsenate, 2 pounds; casein spreader, ti pound.

The summer oil emulsion is that in accordance with the recommendationsin the report of the Western Cooperative Oil Spray Project Conference,1934, and thesame precision spray machine was used in all cases, andapplied at equal rates to beeswax-coated surfaces in simulation of thewax-surfaces encountered in apples being Although 50 per cent more leadarsenate was used with the petroleum emulsions Nos. 1 and 2 above thanwith the nitrogenous oils of the presexit invention as in Nos. 3 and 4,there was an arsenate deposit in employing No. 3 which amounts to a 127per cent increase over No. 1. And No. 4. shows an '82 per cent increasein arsenate deposited, as compared with No. 2, the

petroleum emulsion composition. Authorities are agreed that insectcontrol is in direct proportion to arsenic deposit.

Again, as instancing the remarkable effectiveness of my composition withorganic poisons. the following may be noted as comparative tests oncent, and '40 'per cent nicotine map.

Employing the pyridine composition No. 2 just .mentioned as a spray forred spider on apple spray mixture with the same amount of nicotine asNo. 2, but only per cent pyridine-base oil 60 emulsion, as a spray forwooly aphis, a clean-up of nearly per cent was shown.

Not only are spray compositions in accordance with the present inventionmore effective,' but it is found that spray residue on apples and thelike can be removed much more readily for marketing, than ispossible'with standard insecticides heretofore employed. In currentpacking house practice, apples and other fruits are put through washersemploying acid solutions for dissolving the spray residue arsenate.Comparative results are shown with this material, operating for removalof spray residue from a typical petroleum spray and the present improvedcompositions, as

To some extent also, silicate of soda is used instead of acid as solventfor the residual arsenate, and comparative results are also shown withthis wash.

Spray composition sg g gg AS203 left Lead arsenate 3#/10 0 plus Sodiumsilicate 1 lb. 2.8 mmg. per

summer 01] emulsion, per gal. at F.-2 square inch. gal./l 00. minutes.

Lead arsenate 3#/100 plus .de 0.9 mmg. per IlllSClblB nitrogen base 7square inch. oil, gaL/IOO.

Lead arsenate 3#/l00 plus do 0.46 mmg. per

miscible nitrogen base square inch.

, 01] 5Q gaL/lOO.

Particularly noteworthy is the fact that compositions in accordance withthe present invention are not only effective and easily removed inwasher installations for elimination of residues on fruit being preparedfor market, but no injurious action on leaf surfaces or vegetation ishad as invention may be employed, change being made as regards thedetails described; provided the features stated in any of the followingclaims, or the equivalent of such, be employed.

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as myinvention:-

1. An insecticide, comprising an insect poison, and a carrier whichrenders deposits thereof easily removable, said carrier containing as anessential ingredient an emulsified unneutralized heterocyclicnitrogenous oily base.

2. An insecticide, comprising an insect poison, and a carrier whichrenders deposits thereof easily removable, said carrier including as anessential ingredient emulsified unneutralized pyridine.

3. An insecticide, comprising an insect poison, and a carrier whichrenders deposits thereof easily removable, said carrier including as anessential ingredient emulsified unneutralized alkyl pyridine.

4. An insecticide, comprising an insect poison, and a carrier whichrenders deposits thereof easily removable, said carrier including as anessential ingredient emulsified unneutralized quinoline.

5. An insecticide, comprising lead arsenate, and a carrier which rendersdeposits thereof easily removable, said carrier including as anessential ingredient an emulsified unneutralized heterocyclicnitrogenous base. I

6. An insecticide, comprising lead arsenate, and a carrier which rendersdeposits thereof easily removable, said carrier including as anessential ingredient emulsified unneutralized pyridine. I

'7. An insecticide, comprising lead arsenate, and a carrier whichrenders deposits thereof easily removable, said carrier including as anessential ingredient emulsified unneutralized alkyl pyridine.

8. An insecticide, comprising lead arsenate, and a carrier which rendersdeposits thereof easily removable, said carrier including as anessential ingredient emulsified unneutralized quinolinef CARL P.HOPKINS.

